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Etymology data from Wiktionary via Wiktextract (CC BY-SA 4.0). Chinese character data from the 說文解字, the Taiwan MOE 國語辭典簡編本 (CC BY-ND 3.0 TW) and HSK/TOCFL lists.

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English

come

/kʌm/
To move nearer to the point of perspective.

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    Origin

    From Middle English comen, cumen, from Old English cuman, from Proto-West Germanic *kweman, from Proto-Germanic *kwemaną (“to come”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷémt (“to step; to arrive”), from *gʷem- (“to come, step”).

    Cognates

    Cognate from Proto-Germanic with Scots cum (“to come”), Yola come, coome, cum (“to come”), North Frisian kaame, kame, keem, kem, kum, kååme, käme (“to come”), Saterland Frisian kume, kuume (“to come”), West Frisian komme (“to come”), Alemannic German cha, cheemen, cheme, cho, chomu, chéeme (“to come”), Bavarian ckeman, kemma, kemman, khemen, kumma, kumman, kèmmin (“to come”), Central Franconian komme, kunn, kumme (“to come”), Cimbrian ken, khemmen, khèmman (“to come”), Dutch komen, kommen (“to come”), Dutch Low Saxon kåmen (“to come”), German and Luxembourgish kommen (“to come”), Low German kamen, kuemen (“to come”), Mòcheno kemmen (“to come”), Yiddish קימען (kimen), קומען (kumen, “to come”), Danish and Norwegian Bokmål komme (“to come”), Elfdalian kumå (“to come”), Faroese and Icelandic koma (“to come; to arrive”), Jamtish kuma (“to come”), Norwegian Nynorsk koma, komma, komme, kåmmå, kåmå (“to come”), Swedish komma (“to come”), Crimean Gothic kommen (“to come”), Gothic 𐌵𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (qiman, “to come”).

    Cognate from Proto-Indo-European with Latin venio (“to come; to approach”), Greek βήμα (víma, “pace, step”), Albanian ngah, ngaj (“to hasten, run”), Latvian dzimt (“to be born”), Lithuanian gimti (“to be born”), Armenian եկ (ek, “the act of coming, arrival; income”), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬨 (gam, “to come, go”), Northern Kurdish gav (“step”), Persian گام (gâm, “step”), Tocharian A kum- (“to come”), Tocharian B käm- (“to come”), Sanskrit गम् (gam, “to come, go, move”).

    From Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.

    Lineage

    • inheritedMiddle Englishcomen
      • inheritedOld Englishcuman
        • inheritedProto-West Germanic*kweman

    Related: Scots cum, Yola come, North Frisian kaame, Saterland Frisian kume, West Frisian komme, Alemannic German cha, Bavarian ckeman, Central Franconian komme, Cimbrian ken, Dutch komen, Dutch Low Saxon kåmen, de,lb kommen, Low German kamen, Mòcheno kemmen, Yiddish קימען, da,nb komme, Elfdalian kumå, fo,is koma, Jamtish kuma, Norwegian Nynorsk koma, Swedish komma, Crimean Gothic kommen, Gothic 𐌵𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽, Latin veniō

    Words built on it: come in, to-come, coming, come-on, become, come through, come get some, come-off

    Meanings

    verb
    1. To move nearer to the point of perspective.
    2. To move toward the speaker.
    3. To move toward the listener.
    4. To move toward the object that is the focus of the sentence.
    5. To move toward the agent or subject of the main clause.
    6. To move toward an unstated agent.
    noun
    1. Coming, arrival; approach.
    2. Semen.
    3. Female ejaculatory discharge.
    prep
    1. Used to indicate a point in time at or after which a stated event or situation occurs.
    intj
    1. An exclamation to express annoyance.
    2. An exclamation to express encouragement, or to precede a request.

    Sources

    • Wiktionary (via Wiktextract / kaikki.org) — CC BY-SA 4.0
    • Wiktionary: come