friend
Etymology graph
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Origin
From Middle English freend, frend, frende, freynde, friend, frind, frond, frund, vrend, vryend, from Old English frēond, frīond (“friend”, literally “loving [one], lover”), from Proto-West Germanic *friund, from Proto-Germanic *frijōndz (“friend, loved one”), from Proto-Indo-European *preyH- (“to please; to love”), roughly equivalent to free + -nd. See also Friday.
Cognates
Cognate with Scots freend (“friend”), Yola friend, vriene (“friend”), North Frisian frinj, frün (“friend”), Saterland Frisian Fjund, Früünd (“friend”), West Frisian freon, freondinne (“friend”), Cimbrian bròint, vròint (“friend”), Dutch vriend (“friend”), German Freund (“friend”), German Low German Fründ (“friend, relative”), Limburgish vröndj (“friend”), Luxembourgish Frënd (“friend”), Vilamovian fraeind, frajnd (“friend”), Yiddish פֿרײַנד (fraynd, “friend”), Danish frænde (“kinsman”), Faroese and Icelandic frændi (“kinsman”), Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk frende (“relative”), Swedish frände (“kinsman, relative”), Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 (frijōnds, “friend”); also Welsh rhydd (“free”), Latin proprius (“own, proper”), Belarusian пры́яцель (prýjacjelʹ, “friend”), Bulgarian прия́тел (prijátel, “male friend”), Czech přítel (“friend; supporter; lover”), Macedonian при́јател (príjatel, “friend, mate, pal”), Polish przyjaciel, przyjáciel (“friend; lover”), Russian прия́тель (prijátelʹ, “friend; buddy, mate, pal”), Serbo-Croatian при̏јатељ, prȉjatelj (“friend”), Slovak priateľ (“friend; supporter”), Slovene prijatelj (“friend; companion; chum”), Ukrainian при́ятель (prýjatelʹ, “friend; buddy, pal”), Avestan 𐬟𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀 (friia, “good, pleasant”), Persian فری (fari, “beloved, dear; pleasing”), Sanskrit प्रिय (priya, “beloved; own, wonted”). More at free.
From Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.
Lineage
- inheritedMiddle Englishfrend
- inheritedOld Englishfrēond
- inheritedProto-West Germanic*friund
- inheritedProto-Germanic*frijōndz
- derivedProto-Germanic*frijōną “to free; to love”
- derivedProto-Indo-European*preyH- “to love; to please”
- inheritedProto-Indo-European*priHós “pleased, loved”
- partProto-Indo-European*-ós
- derivedProto-Indo-European*prāy-
- derivedProto-Germanic*frijōną “to free; to love”
- inheritedProto-Germanic*frijōndz
- inheritedProto-West Germanic*friund
- inheritedOld Englishfrēond
Related: Scots freend, Yola friend, North Frisian frinj, Saterland Frisian Fjund, West Frisian freon, Cimbrian bròint, Dutch vriend, German Freund, German Low German Fründ, Limburgish vröndj, Luxembourgish Frënd, Vilamovian fraeind, Yiddish פֿרײַנד, Danish frænde, fo,is frændi, nb,nn frende, Swedish frände, Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐌾𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃, Welsh rhydd, Latin proprius, Belarusian пры́яцель, Bulgarian прия́тел, Czech přítel, Macedonian при́јател
Words built on it: best friend
Sources
- Wiktionary (via Wiktextract / kaikki.org) — CC BY-SA 4.0
- Wiktionary: friend