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Etymology data from Wiktionary via Wiktextract (CC BY-SA 4.0). Chinese character data from the 說文解字, the Taiwan MOE 國語辭典簡編本 (CC BY-ND 3.0 TW) and HSK/TOCFL lists.

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English

water

/ˈwɔ.tɚ/
An inorganic compound (of molecular formula H₂O) found at room temperature and pressure as a clear liquid; it is present naturally as rain, and found in rivers, lakes and seas; its solid form is ice and its gaseous form is steam.

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    Origin

    Etymology 1

    From Middle English water, from Old English wæter (“water”), from Proto-West Germanic *watar, from Proto-Germanic *watōr (“water”), from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥ (“water”).

    Cognates

    * Scots watter (“water”)

    * Yola wadher, waudher (“water”)

    * North Frisian waar, weeder, weeter, woar, woor, wååder, wåår (“water”)

    * Saterland Frisian Woater (“water”)

    * West Frisian wetter (“water”)

    * Cimbrian bassar, bazzar (“water”)

    * Dutch water (“water”)

    * Dutch Low Saxon water, wotter (“water”)

    * German Wasser (“water”)

    * German Low German Water, Woter (“water”)

    * Gottscheerish boßər, bàsser (“water”)

    * Limburgish Waater, water (“water”)

    * Luxembourgish Waasser (“water”)

    * Mòcheno bòsser (“water”)

    * Vilamovian woser (“water”)

    * West Flemish woater (“water”)

    * Yiddish וואַסער (vaser, “water”)

    * Danish vand (“water”)

    * Elfdalian wattn (“water”)

    * Faroese vatn (“water”)

    * Icelandic vatn (“water”)

    * Norwegian Nynorsk vatn (“water”)

    * Norwegian Bokmål vann (“water”)

    * Swedish vatten (“water”)

    * Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐍄𐍉 (watō, “water”)

    * Old Irish coin fodorne (“otters”, literally “water-dogs”)

    * Latin unda (“wave”)

    * Lithuanian vanduõ (“water”)

    * Polish woda (“water”)

    * Russian вода́ (vodá, “water”)

    * Albanian ujë (“water”)

    * Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”)

    * Armenian գետ (get, “river”)

    * Sanskrit उदन् (udán, “wave, water”)

    * Hittite 𒉿𒀀𒋻 (wa-a-tar, “water”)

    Etymology 2

    From Middle English wateren, from Old English wæterian, from Proto-Germanic *watrōną, *watrijaną, from Proto-Germanic *watōr (“water”), from Proto-Indo-European *wódr̥ (“water”).

    Cognates

    Cognate with Scots watter (“water”), Saterland Frisian woaterje (“to water”), West Frisian wetterje (“to water”), Dutch wateren (“to water”), German Low German watern (“to water”), German wässern (“to water”), Danish vande (“to water”), Swedish vattna (“to water”), Icelandic vatna (“to water”).

    From Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.

    Lineage

    • inheritedMiddle Englishwater “water”
      • inheritedOld Englishwæter
        • inheritedProto-West Germanic*watar
    • rootProto-Indo-European*wed- “water”
    • inheritedMiddle Englishwateren
      • inheritedOld Englishwæterian
        • inheritedProto-Germanic*watrōną
          • derivedProto-Germanic*watōr “water”
            • derivedProto-Indo-European*wódr̥ “water”
              • partProto-Indo-European*-r̥

    Related: Scots watter, Yola wadher,waudher, North Frisian waar,weeder,weeter,woar,woor,wååder,wåår, Saterland Frisian Woater, West Frisian wetter, Cimbrian bassar,bazzar, Dutch water, Dutch Low Saxon water,wotter, German Wasser, German Low German Water,Woter, Gottscheerish boßər,bàsser, Limburgish Waater,water, Luxembourgish Waasser, Mòcheno bòsser, Vilamovian woser, West Flemish woater, Yiddish וואַסער, Danish vand, Elfdalian wattn, Faroese vatn, Icelandic vatn, Norwegian Nynorsk vatn, Norwegian Bokmål vann, Swedish vatten

    Words built on it: city water

    Meanings

    noun
    1. An inorganic compound (of molecular formula H₂O) found at room temperature and pressure as a clear liquid; it is present naturally as rain, and found in rivers, lakes and seas; its solid form is ice and its gaseous form is steam.
    2. The liquid form of this substance: liquid H₂O.
    3. A serving of liquid water.
    4. The aforementioned liquid, considered one of the Classical elements or basic elements of alchemy.
    5. Water in a body; an area of open water.
    6. A body of water, almost always a river, sometimes a lake or reservoir, especially in the names given to such bodies.
    verb
    1. To wet or supply with water; to moisten; to overflow with water; to irrigate.
    2. To pour water into the soil surrounding (plants).
    3. To provide (animals) with water for drinking.
    4. To provide water to (someone).
    5. To urinate onto.
    6. To fill with or secrete water or similar liquid.

    Sources

    • Wiktionary (via Wiktextract / kaikki.org) — CC BY-SA 4.0
    • Wiktionary: water