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Etymology data from Wiktionary via Wiktextract (CC BY-SA 4.0). Chinese character data from the 說文解字, the Taiwan MOE 國語辭典簡編本 (CC BY-ND 3.0 TW) and HSK/TOCFL lists.

Explanations are written by a local model (gemma4) and only published after a verification pass against the cited sources. How it works.

Chinese

獨立自主

/tu³⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɹ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
to be independent and one's own master
  • 独立自主
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The phrase describes standing alone as one's own master, represented by a solitary figure standing firm on a high stone.
The phrase describes standing alone as one's own master, represented by a solitary figure standing firm on a high stone.

Origin

The phrase 獨立自主 is formed from four characters. The character 獨 means alone, single, or solitary; it contains the semantic component 犬 (dog) and the phonetic component 蜀 (the name of an ancient Chinese state). The character 立 means to stand. The character 自 means self, oneself, or one's own, and the character 主 means owner or master.

While usage may be attested before the founding of the People's Republic of China, the phrase was popularized by Mao Zedong during that period.

Confidence: high · written by gemma4:26b, checked statement-by-statement against the sources below.

這個詞組由四個漢字組成。其中「獨」字包含「犬」作為意符，並以古代國名「蜀」作為聲符，其本身具有單獨、單一或孤獨的意思；「立」字則代表站立。此外，「自」字意指自己或自身，「主」字則代表主人或擁有者。

在歷史使用上，雖然這個詞組可能在更早之前就已有記載，但它是在中華人民共和國成立期間，由毛澤東所推廣而變得普及。

Confidence: high · written by gemma4:26b, checked statement-by-statement against the sources below.

Lineage

  • characterChinese獨 “alone; single; solitary”
    • meaningChinese犬 “dog”
    • soundChinese蜀 “the name of a state in ancient China”
  • characterChinese立 “to stand”
  • characterChinese自 “self, oneself; one's own”
  • characterChinese主 “owner; master”
Wiktionary etymology text

Popularized by Mao Zedong during the founding of the People's Republic of China, however usage may be attested before then.

From Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Meanings

phrase
  1. to be independent and one's own master
  2. to pursue a foreign policy of peaceful development, autonomy and self-reliance

Sources

  • etymagent (local gemma4:26b) — Generated
  • Written form — n/a
  • Wiktionary (via Wiktextract / kaikki.org) — CC BY-SA 4.0
  • Wiktionary: 獨立自主