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Etymology data from Wiktionary via Wiktextract (CC BY-SA 4.0). Chinese character data from the 說文解字, the Taiwan MOE 國語辭典簡編本 (CC BY-ND 3.0 TW) and HSK/TOCFL lists.

Explanations are written by a local model (gemma4) and only published after a verification pass against the cited sources. How it works.

Chinese

股

/ku²¹⁴/
thigh; haunches
  • Ideogrammatic compound 會意
  • HSK 6
  • TOCFL 7
  • radical 肉
  • 8 strokes

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Origin

Originally written 夃 (OC *kaːʔ, “thigh”), according to 趙平安. Later the 夃 component came to be written 殳, and a 肉 component was added, making the modern form an ideogrammic compound (會意 /会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *klaːʔ): semantic 肉 (“body”) + phonetic 夃 (OC *kaːʔ, “thigh”).

Shuowen incorrectly considered it Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *klaːʔ): semantic 肉 (“body”) + phonetic 殳 (OC *djo, “action”) – the hips as an active part of the body.

From Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Lineage

  • meaningChinese肉 “meat; flesh”
  • soundChinese夃 “to have great profit in sales”
    • ideaChinese人 “man; person; people (Classifier: 個／个 m c; 隻／只 h)”
    • ideaChinese𠄎
    • ideaChinese夂 “to approach from behind”
  • soundChinese殳 “shu (an ancient Chinese weapon)”
    • ideaChinese𠘧 “used in 𠘧𠘧; refers to the wings of a bird in flight (according to the Shuowen Jiezi)”
    • ideaChinese又 “again; once more”

Meanings

character
  1. thigh; haunches
  2. longer leg of a non-isosceles right triangle
  3. lowest-level administrative unit, translated as "section" or "subsection", ranked below 科 (kē)
  4. ply (of a strand or rope)
  5. share; proportion
  6. share; stock (Classifier: 隻／只 c)

Shuowen Jiezi 說文解字

股：髀也。从肉殳聲。

Xu Shen, c. 100 CE — the first analytical dictionary of Chinese characters.

國語辭典 definitions

  1. 大腿。 例：股肱
  2. 事物的一部分，或指集合資金的一份。 例：合股、拆股、持股
  3. 關於股票的。 例：股市、股友
  4. 機關或社團中的部門名稱。 例：文書股、事務股、營運股
  5. 直角三角形中鄰直角的兩邊都稱為「股」。　◎
  6. 量詞

© Ministry of Education, Taiwan — CC BY-ND 3.0 TW, shown unaltered.

How 股 was written 字形演變

  1. 股 in Bronze script
    Bronze
    金文
    Shang–Zhou
  2. 股 in Qin slips script
    Qin slips
    秦系簡牘
    Qin
  3. 股 in Small seal script
    Small seal
    說文小篆
    Shuowen, c. 100 CE
  4. 股 in Regular script
    Regular
    楷書
    since c. 200 CE

Historical forms collected by the legacy etymfun dataset; most characters have several attested variants.

Sources

  • Historical glyph forms (zdic.net 字形演变) — Rights unverified
  • HSK / TOCFL word lists — Facts (levels)
  • 教育部《國語辭典簡編本》 (Taiwan MOE) — CC BY-ND 3.0 TW
  • 說文解字 Shuowen Jiezi (Xu Shen, c. 100 CE) — Public domain
  • Wiktionary (via Wiktextract / kaikki.org) — CC BY-SA 4.0
  • Wiktionary: 股