Etymology data from Wiktionary via Wiktextract (CC BY-SA 4.0). Chinese character data from the 說文解字, the Taiwan MOE 國語辭典簡編本 (CC BY-ND 3.0 TW) and HSK/TOCFL lists.

Explanations are written by a local model (gemma4) and only published after a verification pass against the cited sources. How it works.

Chinese

輸

shū

to transport; to carry; to haul

Phono-semantic compound 形聲
HSK 3
TOCFL 5
radical 車
16 strokes
⿱亼𨊸
⿰車𬾮
⿱亼䢁

Etymology graph

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Origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *hljo, *hljos): semantic 車 + phonetic 俞 (OC *l̥ʰus, *lo).

From Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Lineage

meaningChinese車 “land vehicle; (specifically) car (Classifier: 輛／辆 m; 部 m c; 臺／台 m mn; 架 c; 頂／顶 mn; 張／张 mn-t; 乘 m)”
soundChinese俞 “to hollow a tree to make a boat”

Meanings

character

to transport; to carry; to haul
to lose; to be beaten; to be defeated
to donate; to contribute
a surname

Shuowen Jiezi 說文解字

輸：委輸也。从車俞聲。

Xu Shen, c. 100 CE — the first analytical dictionary of Chinese characters.

國語辭典 definitions

運送。例：運輸、輸送、輸油
捐獻。例：輸財、捐輸
失敗。與「贏」相對。例：服輸、認輸、輸球

© Ministry of Education, Taiwan — CC BY-ND 3.0 TW, shown unaltered.

How 輸 was written 字形演變

Qin slips
秦系簡牘
Qin
Small seal
說文小篆
Shuowen, c. 100 CE
Regular
楷書
since c. 200 CE

Historical forms collected by the legacy etymfun dataset; most characters have several attested variants.

Sources

Historical glyph forms (zdic.net 字形演变) — Rights unverified
HSK / TOCFL word lists — Facts (levels)
教育部《國語辭典簡編本》 (Taiwan MOE) — CC BY-ND 3.0 TW
說文解字 Shuowen Jiezi (Xu Shen, c. 100 CE) — Public domain
Wiktionary (via Wiktextract / kaikki.org) — CC BY-SA 4.0
Wiktionary: 輸