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Etymology data from Wiktionary via Wiktextract (CC BY-SA 4.0). Chinese character data from the 說文解字, the Taiwan MOE 國語辭典簡編本 (CC BY-ND 3.0 TW) and HSK/TOCFL lists.

Explanations are written by a local model (gemma4) and only published after a verification pass against the cited sources. How it works.

Chinese

批

pī
to slap
  • Phono-semantic compound 形聲
  • HSK 4
  • TOCFL 6
  • radical 手
  • 7 strokes

Etymology graph

  • inherited
  • borrowed
  • derived
  • parts
  • meaning component
  • sound component
  • related
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Origin

Etymology 1

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *pʰiː): semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 比 (OC *piʔ, *pis, *bi, *bis, *biɡ).

Etymology 2

𠜱 (pī) is sometimes treated as the 本字 (běnzì, “original character”).

Etymology 3

Borrowed from English pie. Doublet of 派.

Etymology 4

Borrowed from English pipe.

From Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Lineage

  • meaningChinese手 “hand (Classifier: 隻／只 m c mn; 雙／双 m mn; 對／对 c)”
  • soundChinese比 “to compare; to contrast; to have a contest”
    • soundChinese匕 “a kind of spoon in ancient China”
  • borrowedEnglishpie “A type of pastry that consists of an outer crust and a filling. (Savory pies are more popular in th…”
    • inheritedMiddle Englishpye
      • derivedOld Frenchpie
    • borrowedHindiपाई “low-denomination coin”
      • derivedSanskritपादिका “foot, shoe”
    • borrowedSpanishpie “foot, Spanish foot”
  • borrowedEnglishpipe “A wind instrument consisting of a tube, often lined with holes to allow for adjustment in pitch, so…”
    • inheritedMiddle Englishpipe “large storage receptacle, particularly for wine; cask, vat; measure of volume”
      • inheritedOld Englishpīpe “pipe (musical instrument); the channel of a small stream”
      • derivedOld Frenchpipe “liquid measure”
      • inheritedMiddle Englishpipen

Related: Chinese 派 (doublet)

Words built on it: 批准

Meanings

character
  1. to slap
  2. to attack; to offend
  3. to eliminate; to discard
  4. to hit with diagonal or horizontal motion
  5. to make comments and criticisms (to an inferior from a superior, regarding a submitted report, essay, etc.)
  6. comment; annotation; criticism

國語辭典 definitions

  1. 用手掌打。 例：批頰
  2. 在文件或文章上直接注明意見和評斷。 例：批可、批閱、批准
  3. 附注在文件或書籍上的評語。 例：眉批
  4. 判斷、評論。 例：批評、批判
  5. 大量買賣。 例：批貨、批發
  6. 用刀橫著或斜著，把物體切成薄片。 例：批肉片、批魚片

© Ministry of Education, Taiwan — CC BY-ND 3.0 TW, shown unaltered.

Sources

  • HSK / TOCFL word lists — Facts (levels)
  • 教育部《國語辭典簡編本》 (Taiwan MOE) — CC BY-ND 3.0 TW
  • Written form — n/a
  • Wiktionary (via Wiktextract / kaikki.org) — CC BY-SA 4.0
  • Wiktionary: 批