源etymfun
About

Etymology data from Wiktionary via Wiktextract (CC BY-SA 4.0). Chinese character data from the 說文解字, the Taiwan MOE 國語辭典簡編本 (CC BY-ND 3.0 TW) and HSK/TOCFL lists.

Explanations are written by a local model (gemma4) and only published after a verification pass against the cited sources. How it works.

Chinese

達

dá
to lead to; to go to
  • Phono-semantic compound 形聲
  • HSK 3
  • TOCFL 7
  • radical 辵
  • 13 strokes

Etymology graph

  • inherited
  • borrowed
  • derived
  • parts
  • meaning component
  • sound component
  • related
React Flow
Press enter or space to select a node. You can then use the arrow keys to move the node around. Press delete to remove it and escape to cancel.
Press enter or space to select an edge. You can then press delete to remove it or escape to cancel.

點擊節點放大 · Click a node to zoom in

Origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *tʰaːd, *daːd): semantic 辶 + phonetic 羍 (OC *tʰaːd).

Note that inner component is not 幸 – these are not related, and there is an extra stroke in 達 (three horizontal strokes at the bottom, not two).

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dat (“live; alive”). Cognate with Tibetan སྡོད (sdod, “to stay; to sit; to live”) and Proto-Lolo-Burmese *dat (“alive”).

From Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0.

Lineage

  • meaningChinese辵 “to walk for a while and be still for a while”
    • ideaChinese彳 “to walk slowly”
    • ideaChinese止 “foot”
  • soundChinese羍 “small lamb”
    • soundChinese大 “of great size; big; large; huge”
    • meaningChinese羊 “caprid (e.g. sheep, goat, antelope, etc.) (Classifier: 隻／只 m c)”

Related: Tibetan སྡོད, Proto-Lolo-Burmese *dat

Meanings

character
  1. to lead to; to go to
  2. to reach; to arrive at
  3. to achieve; to attain
  4. to thoroughly understand; to understand
  5. to express; to convey
  6. current; general; common

Shuowen Jiezi 說文解字

達：行不相遇也。从辵羍聲。詩曰：“挑兮達兮。”

Xu Shen, c. 100 CE — the first analytical dictionary of Chinese characters.

國語辭典 definitions

  1. 通。 例：直達車、四通八達
  2. 到、抵。 例：抵達、到達
  3. 實現、完成。 例：達成願望、達到目標
  4. 表明。 例：詞不達意
  5. 告知。 例：傳達、轉達
  6. 顯達、顯貴。 例：達官貴人

© Ministry of Education, Taiwan — CC BY-ND 3.0 TW, shown unaltered.

How 達 was written 字形演變

  1. 達 in Bronze script
    Bronze
    金文
    Shang–Zhou
  2. 達 in Chu slips & silk script
    Chu slips & silk
    楚系簡帛
    Warring States
  3. 達 in Small seal script
    Small seal
    說文小篆
    Shuowen, c. 100 CE
  4. 達 in Regular script
    Regular
    楷書
    since c. 200 CE

Historical forms collected by the legacy etymfun dataset; most characters have several attested variants.

Sources

  • Historical glyph forms (zdic.net 字形演变) — Rights unverified
  • HSK / TOCFL word lists — Facts (levels)
  • 教育部《國語辭典簡編本》 (Taiwan MOE) — CC BY-ND 3.0 TW
  • 說文解字 Shuowen Jiezi (Xu Shen, c. 100 CE) — Public domain
  • Wiktionary (via Wiktextract / kaikki.org) — CC BY-SA 4.0
  • Wiktionary: 達